KdnfAt kIzfkfEkadfdmf - naEksfvr sfvami tiRkfEkayilf

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tlmf KdnfAt-kIzf-Ekadfdmf Ekayilf epyaf naEksfvr[f Ekayilf ;Abv[f naEksfvraf ;Abvi pfRhnfnayki paFyvaf `pfpaf ryilf niAlymf KmfpEka]mf `RkaAmyilf uqfq Uaf KmfpEka]mf UriliRnfT etaAlv< 0 kI.mI tlmf EnakfKmf tiAc kizkfK ligfkmf pfrtixfAd

tlkfKbipfp< Ekayibf epRtftT KmfpEka]mf (`) KdnfAt '[f{mf emazikfEkbfp Ekayilfkqf niAbnfT ka]pfpDmf KdnfAt nkri[f kizkfKpfpKtiyilf `AmnfTqfqT `RqfmiK pfRhnfnayki sEmt naEksfvrsfvami tiRkfEkayilf . KmfpEka]mf EpRnfT niAlytftibfK `RkiElEy uqfq tlmf . mikv<mf p]fAdyta[ ~ti KmfEpsfvr[f Ekayilf Uai[f nDnaykmak `AmnfTqfqT . `tbfK kIzftftiAcyilf ;tftlmf `AmnfTqfqtalf , KdnfAt kIzfkfEkadfdmf '[fB `AzkfkpfpDkibT . tmizfnadfF[f `A[tfT pKtikqiliRnfTmf KmfpEka]tftibfK EpRnfTkqf nirmfpv<qfq[. ec[fA[yiliRnfT EpRnftilf py]mf ecyfy viRmfp<Evaaf , `rC viArv<pfEpRnfT ']f 303 ;lf vrlamf . tiRcfci mbfBmf twfAcyiliRnfTmf "raqma[ EpRnfTkqf uqfq[. ;ryilf niAlyMmf u]fD. M[fp< mIdfdaf-Ekjf paAtyak ;Rnft ;pfp<Akv]fFpf paAt , ec[fb mkamktfAt M[f[idfD piradf-Ekjf ( `kl ryilf ) paAtyak mabfbpfpdfDqfqT . ec[fA[yiliRnfT KmfpEka]mf eclfl viRmfp<Evaaf mAlkfEkadfAd 'kfsfpircilf vrlamf . M[fp< twfAc vAr vnfTeka]fFRnft ryilf , tbfEpaT KdnfAt vAr nIdfFkfkpfpdfDqfqT . mkamk nikzfAveyadfF 'bfpdfd tlgfkQqf ;Tv<mf o[fB . Ekayilf `Ampfp<    rajEkap<rmf 5 niAlkQd[f kizkfK EnakfkiyT . evqiyiliRnfT pFkqibgfki uqfEq nAznftTmf cbfB visftarma[ ;dmf uqfqT . ;tilf vlpfp<rmf etbfK EnakfkiypF `mfm[f c[f[iti . ;dpfpkfkmf nnftv[mf mbfBmf cigfkMkkf ki]B . `tA[tf ta]fF mbfBemaR mtilf Cvaf kdnfT udfec[f$alf ;dpfpkfkmf pti[aB kalf m]fdpMmf , vlpfpkfkmf ndraj cApy<mf uqfq[ . etbfK Enakfkiy `mfm[f c[f[iti t[ikfEkayilakv<qfqT .`mfpaqi[f `Rkilf ~Fpfp>r `mfm[f c[f[iti uqfqT . `mfpaqf `pyvrttfTd[f PFy ni[fb tiRkfEkalmf . ;gfKqfq ndraj sAp Eprmfplmf '[fB `AzkfkpfpDki[fbaT . rt `AmpfpiLqfq ;t[ilf ;R EtafcfckfkrgfkqiLmf ~rgfkqak 12 racikqf ;dmfepbfBqfq[ . ;r]fD KtiArkQmf , na[fK yaA[kQmf ;ZkfKmf niAlyilf ;tfEtafm]fdpmf `zkak `AmnfTqfqT . ;cfcAp ~[nft ta]fdv ndraj cAp '[fbaAzkfkpfpDkibT . nd[tftibfK civkami taqmf EpaDmf pavA[y<mf , mhavixf} KzL\Tmf kadfciy<mf EprzKAdy[ . `DtfT vRvT ekaFmrmf . v]gfki udfec[fB vak[ m]fdpmf kdnfT vnftalf -pAdevdfF mariymfm[f c[f[iti- uqfqT . pfrqykal Rtfraf , vlwfCzi vi[aykrf , cpft matakfkqf , spftligfkgfkqf , Cpfpirm]iyaf c[f[itikqf uqfq[ . vilfvmrtftFyilf uqfq ciAlAy pkvtf aixi- '[fbAzkfki[fb[af . vixf} TafAk c[f[iti viEsxma[T . vzkfkmfEpal AvtIsfvraf , Vriy[f , c]fEdsfvraf c[f[itikqf uqfq[ . vlmf MFtfT M[fm]fdpmf kdnfT -civ civ oli m]fdpmf- mbfBmf nvkirkgfkqf kdnfT ec[f$alf YMlvaf tris[mf . uyrma[ ~v<Adyaaf , KdfAdya[ pa]mf . . piAbc>F , nakapr]tfTd[f mik `zkak kadfci tRkibaaf. kRvAb vayililf t]fYD[fbiy vi[aykaf uqfqaaf . Ekaxfd YMaftftgfkqak tkfxi]aYMaftfti , `aftftnari - rixptfti[f M[f ni[fB vlkfAkAy rixptfti[f tAlmIT U[fbi nibfKmf niAl k]fDmkiztftkfkT . tl p<ra]mf   Cmaaf 1500 ~]fDkQkfKmf Mbfpdfd tlmf . nakraj[f , Vriy[f ~kiEyaaf vzipdfd tlmf . nakraj[f p>mi partfAt tagfkmadfdaT vRnfti kyiAl ec[fB :s]idmf t[f KAbAycf ecalfli MAbyidfda[f . ;Abv[f ~A]pfpFEy ;tftltftilf oR tIaftftmf u]fdakfki vzipdfD vrmf epbfbAmyalf naEksfvr[f Ekayilf '[f$[T . mkamkcf cibpfp< Uzikfkaltftilf mhapfpirqymf "bfpdfdEpaT , `]fdmf 'gfKmf ~dfdmfka]tf TvgfkiyT . ;T nmfAm '[f[ ecyfTviDmf '[fB pirmfma ;BmanftiRnftEpaT , `vrT vacsftlma[ EmR mAly<mf ~dfdmfka]layibfB . `Tk]fD nDgfkiy pirmfma , uyiafkqf mFvTk]fD :s[idmf pAdpfp<tfetaziAl pirqytftibfK pibKmf ndtftid Ev]fF MAbyidfdaaf . `tafK :s[f pirmfmavidmf uyiafkqA[tfAty<mf oR KmfptftilidfD , `#T uyiafckftiy<d[f ;Rnftid `MttfAt nirpfpi paTkakfkcfeca[f[aaf . `vfvaB ecyfyi[f , pirqypf epRevqfqmf vFnfT EtgfKgfkalf 'tftltftilf Kmfpmf EtgfKki[fbEta , `gfkiRnfT pAdpfp<tf etaziAl tamf etadgfKvtak :s[f pkafnftaaf . ;Abv[f vakfkibfki]gfk `A[tfT uyiaftaTkfkAqy<mf oR KmfptftilAdtfT paTkatfTvnftaaf pirmfma . pirqytftilf epRkiy evqfqmf pirmfmavi[f ;RpfpidtftiLmf udfp<k `kfKmfpma[T evqfqtfTdE[Ey `FtfTcfeclflpfpdfdT . ;Btiyak Uzi evqfqmf vFnft EpaT Kmfpmf Etgfkiy ;dEm KmfpEka]mf . KmfptftiliRnfT uyiafkAq ;Abv[f pibpfp<vitft naqf mkamk vizavak eka]fdadpfpDkibT `[f[aqilf KR cimfm raciyilf nibfk , cnftir[f Kmfp raciyilf ;Rkfk , epqaf]miy<mf EcRkibT . ;[f[aqilf kgfAk uqfqidfd o[fpT p<]f]iy ntikqf nvk[f[iyafkqak vnfT mkamk Kqtftilf nIraF ;AbvA[ p>jitft[af '[fpT _tIkmf . KmfptftiliRkfKmf uyiafkAq evqikfeka]r ;Abv[f ulkililf kiratYMaftftiyak `vtritft tlEm tiRviAdmRT\a f. KmfptfAt tibkfkcfecyfy :s[f pa]mf ( `mfp< ) etaDtft ;dEm pa]atfTAr . ;#T KdnfAtyiElEy uqfq oR ;dmf . pa]mf etaDtft :s[f KmfptftiA[ uAdkfk `MT evqipfpdfdT . `vfvMT mhamh Kqmf '[f$a[T . `vfvMtiA[ m]Ld[f piAcnfT pirmfma ecyft ligfkEm ~ti KmfEpsfvraf ~vaaf. `t{dfklnfT ;Abv[f ;[fBmf KmfEpsfvrrak `RqfpalitfTkfeka]fFRkfkibaaf . Kmfptftilf caaftftiyiRnft vilfvmf viZnft ;dEm naEksfvr[f EkayilaKmf. Kmfptftilf kdfFyiRnft ubi civligfkma[ tlmf EcaEmsfvr[f Ekayila[T . Kmfptfti[f EmliRnft Etgfkayf viZnft ;dmf `piMkftIsmf. mkamkkf KqkfkAryilf uqfqT . Kmfpmf citbiyEpaT `t[f mIT kdfFyiRnft p>}\lf citbiy ;dmf ekqtmIsmf '[f$a[T . pAdpfp<tfetaziLmf `gfkiRnfT etadgfkiytalf KmfpEka]mf tlgfkQkfeklflamf p]fAdytak kRtpfpDki[fbT . civrtftiri mkiAm safEvs{kfK mikv<mf uknft naqf civratftfri '[fpT namf `binftEt . civratfri naq[fB ;rv< na[fK camgfkqiLmf , :s[f nlflRAqpfepbfB ulAktf tagfKmf ckfti epb , ~tiEsx[f na[fK tlgfkqilf civepRmaA[ vzipdfdtak PbpfpDki[fbT . `t[f epaRdfD paafkfKmfepaZT , Mtlf camtftilf - KmfpEka]mf naEksfvr sfvami EkayiliLmf - ;r]fdamf camtftilf -tiRnaEksfvrmf ex]fpkar]fEysfvraf EkayiliLmf - YM[f$amf cmfmtftilf - tiRpfpamfp<rmf pamfp<Ersfvraf EkayiliLmf - na[fkamf camtftilf - naPa f naEksfvr sfvami EkayiliLmf - ~tiEsx[f vzipDkiba[f . pkva f '[fb M[ivaf , t[f tayi[f `sftiAy kArkfk kacikfK 'DtfTcfeclfLgfkalf ;tftltfti[f cibpfApybinfT kaviriyilf `sftiAy kArtfT tvmf ecyfT vID epbf$af . `vaf epyralf ;gfKqfq kaviri pFtfTAr -pkvtf pFtfTAr - '[fB `AzkfkpfpDkibT . paFyvafkqf `pfpaf padlf epbfb tlmf . eca[fmlinft mAb na[fkargfkmakicf    ecabfepaRQmf kdnft Cdafcf EcatiEpaLmf k[fmAlnft kyiAlmAl va]af EpaLmf    kdlfnwfcmf u]fD;R]fd k]fdafEpaLmf m[fmlinft m[ivArtf ti]fEtaqafEpaLmf    mAlyAry[f mdpfpaAv m]aqafEpaLmf eka[fmlinft YMviAlEvbf KzkafEpaLmf    KdnfAtkfkIzfkf Ekadfdtftf etgfPtft[aEr                       - `pfpaf Etvarmf

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